Mark Zuckerberg WikipediaZuckerberg redirects here.For other people with the surname, see Zuckerberg name.Mark Elliot Zuckerberg born May 1.American computer programmer and Internet entrepreneur.He is a co founder of Facebook, and currently operates as its chairman and chief executive officer.His net worth is estimated to be US7.September 2. 01. 7, and in 2.Harvard Internal Medicine Update 2015 My Link' title='Harvard Internal Medicine Update 2015 My Link' />Forbes as the fifth richest person in the world.Zuckerberg launched Facebook from his Harvard University dormitory room on February 4, 2.He was assisted by his college roommates and fellow Harvard students Eduardo Saverin, Andrew Mc.Collum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes.The group then introduced Facebook to other college campuses.Facebook expanded rapidly, reaching one billion users by 2.Meanwhile, Zuckerberg was involved in various legal disputes brought by others in the group, who claimed a share of the company based upon their involvement during the development phase of Facebook.In December 2. Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan announced that over the course of their lives they would give the majority of their wealth to advancing human potential and promoting equality in the spirit of The Giving Pledge.On December 1, 2.Strategies to Prevent Clostridium difficile Infections in Acute Care Hospitals 2014 Update.Science in the News Opening the lines of communication between research scientists and the wider community.Facebook shares worth about US4.Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.Since 2. 01. 0, Time magazine has named Zuckerberg among the 1.Person of the Year award.In December 2. 01.Zuckerberg was ranked 1.Forbes list of The Worlds Most Powerful People.Early life. Zuckerberg was born in 1.White Plains, New York.He is the son of Karen ne Kempner, a psychiatrist, and Edward Zuckerberg, a dentist.His ancestors came from Germany, Austria and Poland.He and his three sisters, Randi, Donna, and Arielle, were brought up in Dobbs Ferry, New York, a small Westchester County village about 2.Midtown Manhattan.Zuckerberg was raised Jewish and became a Bar Mitzvah when he turned 1.At Ardsley High School, Zuckerberg excelled in classes.He transferred to the exclusive private school Phillips Exeter Academy, in New Hampshire, in his junior year, where he won prizes in science math, astronomy, and physics and classical studies.In his youth, he also attended the Johns Hopkins.Center for Talented Youth summer camp.On his college application, Zuckerberg stated that he could read and write French, Hebrew, Latin, and ancient Greek.He was captain of the fencing team.Software developer.Early years. Zuckerberg began using computers and writing software in middle school.His father taught him Atari.BASIC Programming in the 1.David Newman to tutor him privately.Newman calls him a prodigy, adding that it was tough to stay ahead of him.Zuckerberg took a graduate course in the subject at Mercy College near his home while still in high school.He enjoyed developing computer programs, especially communication tools and games.In one program, since his fathers dental practice was operated from their home, he built a software program he called Zuck.Net that allowed all the computers between the house and dental office to communicate with each other.It is considered a primitive version of AOLs Instant Messenger, which came out the following year.According to writer Jose Antonio Vargas, some kids played computer games.Mark created them.Zuckerberg himself recalls this period I had a bunch of friends who were artists.Theyd come over, draw stuff, and Id build a game out of it.However, notes Vargas, Zuckerberg was not a typical geek klutz, as he later became captain of his prep school fencing team and earned a classics diploma.Napster co founder Sean Parker, a close friend, notes that Zuckerberg was really into Greek odysseys and all that stuff, recalling how he once quoted lines from the Roman epic poem Aeneid, by Virgil, during a Facebook product conference.During Zuckerbergs high school years, he worked under the company name Intelligent Media Group to build a music player called the Synapse Media Player.The device used machine learning to learn the users listening habits, which was posted to Slashdot2.PC Magazine. 2. 7College years.Vargas noted that by the time Zuckerberg began classes at Harvard, he had already achieved a reputation as a programming prodigy.He studied psychology and computer science and belonged to Alpha Epsilon Pi and Kirkland House.In his sophomore year, he wrote a program that he called Course.Match, which allowed users to make class selection decisions based on the choices of other students and also to help them form study groups.A short time later, he created a different program he initially called Facemash that let students select the best looking person from a choice of photos.According to Arie Hasit, Zuckerbergs roommate at the time, he built the site for fun.Hasit explains We had books called Face Books, which included the names and pictures of everyone who lived in the student dorms.At first, he built a site and placed two pictures, or pictures of two males and two females.Visitors to the site had to choose who was hotter and according to the votes there would be a ranking.The site went up over a weekend, but by Monday morning, the college shut it down, because its popularity had overwhelmed one of Harvards network switches and prevented students from accessing the Internet.In addition, many students complained that their photos were being used without permission.Zuckerberg apologized publicly, and the student paper ran articles stating that his site was completely improper.The following semester, in January 2.Zuckerberg began writing code for a new Web site.On February 4, 2.Zuckerberg launched Thefacebook, originally located at thefacebook.Six days after the site launched, three Harvard seniors, Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra, accused Zuckerberg of intentionally misleading them into believing he would help them build a social network called Harvard.Connection. com, while he was instead using their ideas to build a competing product.The three complained to The Harvard Crimson, and the newspaper began an investigation in response.Following the official launch of the Facebook social media platform, the three filed a lawsuit against Zuckerberg that resulted in a settlement.The agreed settlement was for 1.Facebook shares that were worth US3.Facebooks IPO. 3.Zuckerberg dropped out of Harvard in his sophomore year in order to complete his project.In January 2. 01.I remember really vividly, you know, having pizza with my friends a day or two afterI opened up the first version of Facebook at the time I thought, You know, someone needs to build a service like this for the world.But I just never thought that wed be the ones to help do it.And I think a lot of what it comes down to is we just cared more.On May 2. 8, 2. 01.Zuckerberg received an honorary degree from Harvard.Career. Zuckerberg listening to President Barack Obama before a private meeting where Obama dined with technology business leaders in Woodside, California, February 1.Facebook. On February 4, 2.Zuckerberg launched Facebook from his Harvard dormitory room.An earlier inspiration for Facebook may have come from Phillips Exeter Academy, the prep school from which Zuckerberg graduated in 2.It published its own student directory, The Photo Address Book, which students referred to as The Facebook.Such photo directories were an important part of the student social experience at many private schools.With them, students were able to list attributes such as their class years, their friends, and their telephone numbers.Once at college, Zuckerbergs Facebook started off as just a Harvard thing until Zuckerberg decided to spread it to other schools, enlisting the help of roommate Dustin Moskovitz.They began with Columbia University, New York University, Stanford, Dartmouth, Cornell, University of Pennsylvania, Brown, and Yale.Samyr Laine, a triple jumper representing Haiti at the 2.Summer Olympics, shared a room with Zuckerberg during Facebooks founding.Mark was clearly on to great things, said Laine, who was Facebooks fourteenth user.Zuckerberg, Moskovitz and some friends moved to Palo Alto, California in Silicon Valley where they leased a small house that served as an office.Over the summer, Zuckerberg met Peter Thiel, who invested in the company.They got their first office in mid 2.Blue light has a dark side.Until the advent of artificial lighting, the sun was the major source of lighting, and people spent their evenings in relative darkness.Now, in much of the world, evenings are illuminated, and we take our easy access to all those lumens pretty much for granted.But we may be paying a price for basking in all that light. Ativa Usb To Serial Driver Windows Xp on this page. At night, light throws the bodys biological clockthe circadian rhythmout of whack.Sleep suffers. Worse, research shows that it may contribute to the causation of cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and obesity.But not all colors of light have the same effect.Blue wavelengthswhich are beneficial during daylight hours because they boost attention, reaction times, and moodseem to be the most disruptive at night.And the proliferation of electronics with screens, as well as energy efficient lighting, is increasing our exposure to blue wavelengths, especially after sundown.Daily rhythms influenced by light.Everyone has slightly different circadian rhythms, but the average length is 2.The circadian rhythm of people who stay up late is slightly longer, while the rhythms of earlier birds fall short of 2.Dr. Charles Czeisler of Harvard Medical School showed, in 1.The health risks of nighttime light.Study after study has linked working the night shift and exposure to light at night to several types of cancer breast, prostate, diabetes, heart disease, and obesity.Its not exactly clear why nighttime light exposure seems to be so bad for us.But we do know that exposure to light suppresses the secretion of melatonin, a hormone that influences circadian rhythms, and theres some experimental evidence its very preliminary that lower melatonin levels might explain the association with cancer.A Harvard study shed a little bit of light on the possible connection to diabetes and possibly obesity.The researchers put 1.Their blood sugar levels increased, throwing them into a prediabetic state, and levels of leptin, a hormone that leaves people feeling full after a meal, went down.Even dim light can interfere with a persons circadian rhythm and melatonin secretion.A mere eight luxa level of brightness exceeded by most table lamps and about twice that of a night lighthas an effect, notes Stephen Lockley, a Harvard sleep researcher.Light at night is part of the reason so many people dont get enough sleep, says Lockley, and researchers have linked short sleep to increased risk for depression, as well as diabetes and cardiovascular problems.The power of the blues.While light of any kind can suppress the secretion of melatonin, blue light at night does so more powerfully.Harvard researchers and their colleagues conducted an experiment comparing the effects of 6.The blue light suppressed melatonin for about twice as long as the green light and shifted circadian rhythms by twice as much 3 hours vs.In another study of blue light, researchers at the University of Toronto compared the melatonin levels of people exposed to bright indoor light who were wearing blue lightblocking goggles to people exposed to regular dim light without wearing goggles.The fact that the levels of the hormone were about the same in the two groups strengthens the hypothesis that blue light is a potent suppressor of melatonin.It also suggests that shift workers and night owls could perhaps protect themselves if they wore eyewear that blocks blue light.Inexpensive sunglasses with orange tinted lenses block blue light, but they also block other colors, so theyre not suitable for use indoors at night.Glasses that block out only blue light can cost up to 8.Less blue light. If blue light does have adverse health effects, then environmental concerns, and the quest for energy efficient lighting, could be at odds with personal health.Those curlicue compact fluorescent lightbulbs and LED lights are much more energy efficient than the old fashioned incandescent lightbulbs we grew up with.But they also tend to produce more blue light.The physics of fluorescent lights cant be changed, but coatings inside the bulbs can be so they produce a warmer, less blue light.LED lights are more efficient than fluorescent lights, but they also produce a fair amount of light in the blue spectrum.Richard Hansler, a light researcher at John Carroll University in Cleveland, notes that ordinary incandescent lights also produce some blue light, although less than most fluorescent lightbulbs.What you can do. Use dim red lights for night lights.Red light has the least power to shift circadian rhythm and suppress melatonin.Avoid looking at bright screens beginning two to three hours before bed.If you work a night shift or use a lot of electronic devices at night, consider wearing blue blocking glasses or installing an app that filters the bluegreen wavelength at night.Expose yourself to lots of bright light during the day, which will boost your ability to sleep at night, as well as your mood and alertness during daylight.Innovatedcaptures Dreamstime.
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